For double floors the iron joists are
made with a double flange on their lower edge, and are fitted to iron
girders, which cross in the opposite direction. This provision secures
the covering of the cross girders on their undersides by the ceiling
slabs. The concrete having been deposited upon the slabs, its upper
surface may be finished off in any of the usual ways, while the ceiling
may be treated in any of the ways described for the walls. This system
does not exclude the ordinary methods of constructing floors and roofs,
although it supplies a fireproof system. Where required, bricks, stone,
and, in fact, any other building material, may be used in conjunction
with the slabs.
The system of building construction is intended, as in the case with all
concrete, to supersede brickwork and masonry in the various uses to
which they have been applied, and, at the same time, to offer a more
perfect system of building in concrete. Hitherto slab concrete work has
never been erected in a perfectly finished state (i.e., with mouldings,
etc., complete), but has either been left in a rough state or without
ornament, or else has been constructed so as never to be capable of
receiving good ornamental treatment. Hitherto the great difficulty in
constructing concrete walls of concrete and other slabs has been to
prevent the slabs from being forced outward or from toppling over by the
pressure of the plastic filling-in material from the time of its
deposition between the slabs until it has become hard enough to form,
with the slabs, a solid wall.
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