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Harrington, James, 1611-1677

"The Commonwealth of Oceana"

Wherefore to the four-and-twenty gold
balls cast six-and-twenty silver ones, and those (reckoning the
blanks with the prizes) make fifty balls in the middle urn. This
done (because no man can come to the middle urn that has not
first drawn a gold ball at one of the side urns) and to be sure
that the prizes or gold balls in this urn be all drawn, there
must come to it fifty persons; therefore there must be in each of
the side urns five-and-twenty gold balls, which in both come to
fifty; and to the end that every senator may have his lot, the
gold balls in the side urns are to be made up with blanks equal
to the number of the ballotants at either urn; for example, the
house consisting of 300 senators, there must be in each of the
side urns 125 blanks and twenty-five prizes, which come in both
the side urns to 300 balls. This is the whole mystery of
preparing the urns, which the censors having skill to do
accordingly, the rest of the ballot, whether the parties
balloting understand it or not must of necessary consequence come
right; and they can neither be out, nor fall into any confusion
in the exercise of this art.
But the ballot, as I said, is of two parts, lot and suffrage,
or the proposition and result. The lot determines who shall
propose the competitors; and the result of the Senate, which of
the competitors shall be the magistrates.


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